Puberty is like a skilled magician, it can turn a chaotic child into a burly and strong boy or a graceful girl. These changes are the result of a sharp increase in both sex hormones in the body. According to research, the testosterone secreted by the testicles of boys increases sharply during their development period, and the testosterone in the blood can increase more than ten times. These androgens will make boys develop muscles, have broad shoulders and hips, have a deep voice, grow beards, and develop external genitalia, giving them the appearance of an adult male.

Some boys have shrill voices during adolescence, no beards, armpit hair, and pubic hair, and their sexual organs are like those of young children. This indicates that the level of male hormones in their bodies is insufficient and their pubertal development has not yet been completed. This is not necessarily abnormal. The age of pubertal development is affected by many factors such as genetics, physical fitness, nutrition, health status and geographical conditions, and there are great individual differences. In our country, boys' puberty generally begins when they are 10 to 14 years old, and gradually matures within 5 years. Therefore, if a boy under 14 years old has no obvious physical abnormalities except that he is underdeveloped, you can wait and see. If the person is over 14 years old and still does not have any signs of puberty, or the time from puberty to the completion of reproductive organ development exceeds 5 years, it should be regarded as delayed pubertal sexual development. However, most teenagers can eventually achieve normal development, and only a few children have hypogonadism due to disease in the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal system. This disease is difficult to cure without treatment.

Here is a simple and easy identification method, which is to conduct regular and systematic measurement of the testicles. We know that the earliest physical change in a boy's pubertal development is that his testicles begin to enlarge. In childhood, the volume of each testicle is only 2 to 3 cubic centimeters (the size of a small jujube). It begins to increase in size between the ages of 8 and 10, and is already over the age of 10 to 12. More than 5 cubic centimeters. During puberty, a boy's testicles increase rapidly in size, reaching 15 to 25 cubic centimeters. Therefore, testicular changes are a sensitive indicator of boys' pubertal development. If a boy's testicles are gradually growing when he is 8 to 10 years old, it indicates normal development. If the testicular volume exceeds 5 cubic centimeters, it indicates that the dramatic changes of puberty may come within a year. However, if the following conditions occur while not developing: (1) There is still no sign of pubertal development at the age of 16; (2) The testicle is less than 2 cubic centimeters or the penis is shorter than 3 centimeters; (3) There is hypospadias or cryptorchidism and other genital malformations; (4) If there are other physical abnormalities such as anosmia (inability to smell), color blindness, cleft lip, cleft palate, congenital heart disease or breast hyperplasia, you should promptly check to see if there is hypogonadism.

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